对话
Battery Swapping to Lead to Growth of Electric Vehicles in India, WEF Advisor Says_我的网站
一 | 近日，带着两个孩子一边卖烧烤一边直播的重庆单身母亲林静受到全国各地的网友关注，并在一天时间里收到近30万元的爱心捐款。 The electric vehicle ecosystem in India is still at a very nascent stage, but the number of electric vehicles on Indian roads is on the rise every day.,Despite the growth, there are a lot of challenges that need to be addressed with regard to the EV infrastructure.,Road safety is one of the major concerns, as the country ranks first in terms of number of road accident deaths in the world. Last year, the World Economic Forum (WEF) launched the Road Safety 2.0 program in India with an aim to introduce technology which would promote the 4Es of road safety i.e. Education, Engineering, Enforcement and Emergency care.,In an interview with Sputnik, Akhilesh Srivastava, Project Head of the World Economic Forum’s Road Safety 2.0 program and Member of the NHEV Knowledge group, talked about measures to be taken to ensure road safety in India and discussed the challenges presented by the battery swapping policy in India.,Sputnik: According to government data, India ranks first in the number of road accident deaths in the world. As you lead the World Economic Forum’s initiative Road Safety 2.0 in India, what measures are required to reduce such fatalities?,Akhilesh Srivastava: With 11 percent of global road fatalities, India ranks worst in terms of the sheer number of road accident deaths in the world. The impact of road accidents on Indian GDP is nearly INR 2.5 trillion ($31.7 billion) i.e., over 1.85 percent of the GDP.,It is clear that old or conventional methods of road safety are not working and there is an urgent need for a new solution. The WEF-led Road Safety 2.0 is one such next-gen solution, where the power of technology is leveraged to save lives on roads.,A few of the measures have been enumerated in it are: the use of technology is the best way to quickly and effectively reduce accidents; сontinuous tracking driving behavior using IoT to generate Safe Driving Scores. The SDS can be used as a monitoring mechanism for incentivizing good driving behavior and reskilling the bad drivers; use of Safety measures like seat belt and helmet with sensors attached; use of AI with the integration of Traffic Lights; implementation of ITS-based penalty set up to penalize people; scaling awareness about the regulations among the people;,Sputnik: WEF’s Road Safety 2.0 talks about an approach to create a human-centric road ecosystem. Could you elaborate what sort of road ecosystem it aims to create?,Akhilesh Srivastava: Human-centric design is a method of product creation that places the requirements, desires, and abilities of users at the forefront of the process. Rather than expecting users to change and conform their behaviors to the product, it involves making design decisions based on how people can, need, and want to do tasks.,Moving on from existing to a human-centric road ecosystem will help the highway builders, manufacturing industry and the enforcement agencies tackle the needs of the people and then accordingly devise the road safety setup and create a human-centric road ecosystem.,For Example, the presence of air bags in the car is for the drivers and passengers' safety. Why only the front seat should have air bags, people in the back seats are equally vulnerable. As per the human-centric approach, the seat belt should be for all humans in the vehicle. All seats in private vehicles like cars and for all passengers in long-distance public transport buses.,Pedestrians, cyclists and other vulnerable road users should be given due space and weightage while framing the policies. In India, pedestrians, cyclists and two-wheelers constitute the majority but the roads and road rules, are made keeping in mind the bigger vehicles.,Sputnik: FASTags in India were adopted to make travel seamless on National Highways and Expressways. However, despite the complete roll-out we see long queues of vehicles at toll plazas and technical glitches being reported. How can an effective and glitch-free usage of FASTags be adopted?,Akhilesh Srivastava: FASTag has made travel hassle-free on highways and expressways in India. There are no queues. FASTag has made tolling very efficient and transparent. Last year’s toll collection was the highest ever at nearly INR 400 billion (Over $5 million),Apart from this, the FASTag has saved fuel wastage of worth over INR 200 billion ($2.5 million) which happened due to idling of vehicles at toll plazas. It also resulted in saving at least 50 million MT of carbon emission.,Sputnik: Regarding the electric vehicle segment, it is a well-known fact that in India it is at a very nascent stage. What are the major challenges that stakeholders are facing and how can they be tackled?,Akhilesh Srivastava: With 100 percent FDI available, new production centres, and a greater push to improve charging infrastructure, India's electric vehicle industry is gaining traction.,Other growth factors for the Indian EV industry include federal subsidies and policies supporting deeper discounts for Indian-made electric two-wheelers, as well as a boost for localized ACC battery storage manufacture.,Furthermore, in September 2021, the federal government authorized a production-linked incentive program for the automotive sector to stimulate the manufacture of electric and hydrogen fuel cell vehicles. In 2021, India sold over 300,000 electric vehicles.,Some of the challenges that exist but are being tackled by the stakeholders are: inadequate charging infrastructure; reliance on battery imports; reliance on imported components and parts, range anxiety among consumers; current high price of EVs; lack of options for high-performance EVs; inadequate electricity supply in parts of India; lack of quality maintenance and repair options.,Sputnik: You have links with the NHEV (National Highway for Electric Vehicle) programme. What initiatives are being taken under the programme to expand EV infrastructure?,Akhilesh Srivastava: Yes, I appreciate this question which talks about Electric Vehicles and being a member of the Knowledge group of NHEV, I wish similar kind of road safety in India, however, some additional concerns are to be kept in mind are:,• The EV is directly connected to a regular household power outlet. This mode is the simplest possible charging mode and does not support any communication between the EV and the charge point, hence it is prohibited in many countries due to safety concerns.,• The onboard charger converts AC to DC. It uses a special type of charging cable equipped with an in-cable control and protection device. This can be used for private charging, but its public use is subject to restrictions in many countries.,• Batteries are the key element. And we noticed a few cases of fire recently. There should be a proper set of technical and regulatory guidelines for the batteries, about its specifications, unique Id number of batteries, uniformity in the charging system, and even uniformity in batteries so that battery swapping can be done easily.,Tracking of batteries can give alerts about the health of batteries so that unsafe batteries can be removed timely.,Sputnik: Ever since the Finance Minister announced the battery swapping policy, it has been a much talked about topic across the segment. Do you think it can be realized?,Akhilesh Srivastava: I appreciate the announcement by Finance Minister about the battery swapping policy. A detailed policy for battery standardization, specifications, and safety protocols is being prepared.,We should think of the battery as a service for battery swapping. This will allow the setting up of battery stations on a mass level; a battery swapping policy will be brought in and interoperability standards will be formulated.,The private players should be encouraged to develop sustainable and innovative models for the battery as a service which will increase efficiency in the electric vehicle ecosystem. This will reduce the cost of Electric Vehicles and give impetus for electric vehicle growth in the coming years.,Sputnik: Electric vehicles are an alternative to petrol and diesel vehicles, and commonly seen as a way to reduce carbon emissions. However, the source of electricity remains non-renewable, so what roadmap has the NHEV adopted to generate electricity for the electric vehicles through renewable sources?,Akhilesh Srivastava: The transport sector accounts for 18 percent of total energy consumption in India. This translates to an estimated 94 million tons of oil equivalent (MTOE) energy.,If India were to follow the current trends of energy consumption, it would require an estimated 200 MTOE of energy supply annually, by the year 2030 to meet the demand of this sector. As of now, this demand is being met mostly through imported crude oil, which therefore makes this sector vulnerable to volatile international crude oil prices. Moreover, the sector also contributes an estimated 142 million tons of CO2 emissions annually.,Electric mobility presents a viable alternative in addressing these challenges, when packaged with innovative pricing solutions, appropriate technology and support infrastructure and thus, has been on the radar of the Government of India.,The point of renewability of electricity is being addressed too with renewable energies like solar energy, wind energy and other forms other renewable sources of energy. The growth of India in this has been spectacular and the country is ahead of many developed countries in this regard.,Want to know more? Check out our Koo & Telegram accounts!,Koo: https://www.kooapp.com/profile/sputniknews,Sputnik India: https://t.me/sputniknewsindia。
二 | 十年前，林静的大儿子淼淼（化名）出生。不幸的是，淼淼满月时被诊断患有先天性心脏病和“镜像”心脏（即心脏长在身体右侧）。手术时，淼淼又出现了严重的并发症——大脑血管堵塞引发严重癫痫。
三 | 在爱心人士的帮助下，淼淼才艰难度过危机。此后，林静通过做家政、开塔吊、卖烧烤挣钱。直播火起来后，林静又加入到直播大军，希望能借着风口“能多挣一点是一点”。
四 | 林静又是幸运的，她带着淼淼和小女儿直播卖烧烤的故事得到网友关注。1月19日，林静告诉澎湃新闻（www.thepaper.cn），她已经把网友捐助的渠道关闭了，暂时无需其他捐款。淼淼春林静的儿子淼淼节后的手术，当地政府也在帮助她对接协调。她感谢网友的关注，也希望能尽快回归平静的生活。以下是澎湃新闻和林静的对话：谈大儿子病情：期待手术效果，希望让他尽早回到学校澎湃新闻：目前淼淼的身体状况如何？林静：2024年，我带着淼淼去了北京，找到中国医学科学院阜外医院的专家给孩子看病，7月份的时候在阜外医院做了心脏手术。然后11月份去复查的，复查的结果挺好的，我们前段时间也给医院那边说了，年后去手术，但是住院单还没有开上，因为时间隔得太久了，还是要一个月以内。但是现在这两天，政府的工作人员跟我说，他们帮我安排这一系列的事情，帮我们对接，不需要我们再操心这个事情了。澎湃新闻：手术费凑齐了吗？林静：暂时够了，现在我们不需要额外的帮助，刚好趁着你们这个新闻，我也想表达一下感谢，感谢给我们捐了善款的网友，大家实在是盛情难却。我把支付宝、电话号码（等联系方式）都关了，大家还是很热情的想帮助我，我们现在不接受捐助了，大家给我点一个赞，给我一个关注就好了。澎湃新闻：淼淼对自己的病情有怎样的认知，他的心理状态如何？林静：他可能对这个病不是那么了解，但是他的病情他都知道，因为他的性格是比较阳光的，所以每次都是很正面地在回应这个事情。澎湃新闻：淼淼在上学吗？林静：原本他是在上学，因为上一次做了手术，他的身体状态不太好，身体机能啥的跟不上，所以说就休学了。我想的是，因为他春节后要做手术，做完了之后看他的身体情况。我还是想让他回归到学校去。因为在学校他可以和同龄的孩子有交流，会更有童趣。在家里面其实他失去了很多很多该有的乐趣。澎湃新闻：照顾淼淼，主要面临着哪些特殊的困难和挑战？林静：刚开始的时候肯定困难，我一个人带两个孩子，还要摆摊去挣钱，就有点心有余力不足，但现在好多了。澎湃新闻：你带着两个孩子摆摊时，两个孩子在干点啥？林静：他们就陪着我，有时候会帮忙。
五 | 淼淼的话，他会在我摆摊的时候帮忙叫卖什么的。有时候他会摆一个小摊，他卖不到钱，他就着急，没有耐心。
六 | 要么就在旁边，他自己和妹妹一起玩儿。谈直播走红：希望自己也能帮助更多的人澎湃新闻：你在网上是怎么火起来的？林静：我2019年的时候就开始发一些视频，记录日常生活中开心的、不开心的，主要是给自己加油鼓气。后来，有个两百多万粉丝的博主关注到我了，了解到我的故事之后就说要给我拍一期视频，当时我其实对自媒体不太了解，我觉得拍一期就拍一期嘛，结果没想到播放量、点赞量挺高的。虽然没有现在这么火，但我也挺意外。当时大家很多人给我捐款，我都没有接收。我说这么大一波流量来了，我想自己可以靠这个网络和流量，看看自己能不能长期带货或者是干一些其他的营生，自己给自己挣钱，给儿子做完手术。但是后面那个流量来得快，去得也快，差不多半个月左右的时候，就没啥流量了。
七 | 所以说那一次后面再有人给我捐助的时候，大家都特别急，网友他们特别急，他们说为啥你不接受？儿子那么着急要做手术。所以说最后我考虑了很久之后才接受大家的第一笔捐赠就是从那个时候开始的。后面因为那个视频点赞量挺高的，所以也有很多大大小小的博主陆陆续续来拍一拍我，拍摄的时候流量还行，但是发完之后差不多半个月左右，就又沉寂了。
八 | 澎湃新闻：你在网上有没有受到质疑，说你炒作之类的，你怎么看？林静：这个很正常，我觉得网络是一把双刃剑，其实有很多现实中知道我的，或者是从一开始就从我几千几百个粉丝就关注到我现在的粉丝，他们都知道我这一路是怎么走过来的，他们都在帮忙，为我澄清、为我发声，我真的很感动。看到负面评价，要说心里面没有波澜那是不可能的。我之前在工地上面开塔吊的时候，也被网暴过一次，就是我发布了一个很正常的生活日常，我不知道他们的关注点，他们就关注到其他地方了，导致我被网暴，郁闷了一两个月。所以说现在对网络这个评价的话，我会更平和一点，就是我觉得不会对我的心理造成很大的影响。因为我也知道网络这个东西，它本身接触的就是全国各个形形色色的人，什么人都有的。澎湃新闻：这两天还在摆摊卖烧烤吗？林静：今天开始没摆了，等等稍微人流量缓一点。我现在就是在璧山（区）一个镇上摆摊，昨天还在摆摊，好多人来买。我说咋这么多人，全是刷到视频过来的。我要是在主城那边的话，估计可能人会更多，主要是我女儿年龄太小了，有时候顾不过来。澎湃新闻：未来有什么打算？林静：这次的事情（指受到关注）给我启发挺大的。我本来是属于“弱者”，像我们这种家有重病患者的家庭，得到社会的关注，得到“强者”的帮助后，我的状况一下子就改变了。我也想慢慢让自己变好，去帮助到那些我之前想去帮助而帮助不到的人。
九 | 澎湃新闻记者 王鑫 实习生 王潇笛(本文来自澎湃新闻，更多原创资讯请下载“澎湃新闻”APP)。
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